The brain releases chemicals called neurotransmitters that have an effect on the emotional part of the brain. Dopamine, serotonin and norepinephrine are chemicals that the brain releases and control the elevation and depression of mood. TCAs inhibit the natural reuptake of serotonin and norapinephrine to lengthen the mood elevations that accompanies the release of said chemicals in the brain.
Antidepressants put in to the function of the brain receptors that assist nerve cells to be responsive to glutamate. Glutamate is a nonessential amino acid organic compound. The nerve cells lower the glutamate sensitivity, preventing overpowering of glutamate and causing the key areas in the brain, related to depression and anxiety, to become excited. Tricyclic antidepressants work to lessen or remove depression. The same mechanism works in elevation of pain. The side-effects of Tricyclic antidepressants include;
- Constipation
- Blurry vision
- Dray mouth
- Confusion
- Weight gain
- Tremors
- Increased appetite
- Urination problems
- Inhibited sexual function
- Fatigue
- Nausea
- Headache
- Low blood pressure
- UV sensitivity
- Constipation
- Increased heart rate
- Weakness
- Constipation
TCAs are one of the oldest forms of antidepressants still used, thought their use as pain relievers is still rather new. As long as it is administered in small does, it does not cause depressive behavior or symptoms.